What is Actuation ?

The actuation is the process by which the actuator accept the electrical signal and convert it into the mechanical energy. Like when some amount of electric is given to an electric motor then an electromagnetic field is created and for this electromagnetic field, the core of the motor is started to rotate.

There are some type of actuator those are explained below with diagram-                                         

•  Hydraulic Actuator
• Pneumatic Actuator                                                                                                          
• Electrical Actuator
• Thermal or magnetic Actuator 

Hydraulic Actuator-

From the heading, all can understand that this actuator is worked under the liquid substance. Due to the liquid substance, the actuation process is started.

 Here is an example of hydraulic actuator-

source-hkvivedi.com

In this example, there is two pressure point one on the left side and another on the right side.

When pressure is given in the right side cold water is entered through the blue path from the B inlet point and passes through T outlet and at a time hot water entered from the P inlet and passes through the A outlet and the vice versa is occurred when pressure is given from the left side.

Electromagnetic Actuator-

In the Electromagnetic actuator, the actuation is done due to the electromagnetic field. Electric current is passed through the wire and magnetization is occurred.

Here is an example of electromagnetic actuator-

source-Wikipedia

This is circuit diagram of the electric calling bell.K is a switch. When the switch is turned on the current starts to flow through the circuit.E is a magnet and copper coil is folded with it. When current passes through the coil the magnetization starts and an electromagnetic force hit another magnet A and due to the force A magnet attracts and the bell rang.

Another example of an electromagnetic actuator is given below-

electromagnetic gun

source-WikiVisually

Pneumatic Actuator-

• A pneumatic actuator converts the energy formed by vacuum at high pressure into either linear or rotary motion.
• Pneumatic rack and pinion actuators are used for valve controls of water pipes.
• Pneumatic energy quickly responds to starting and stopping signals.
• The power source does not need to e stored in reserve for operation. 
• It is responsible for converting pressure into force.

source-Talking Electronics

                                                                                                                        to be continued......